Know your numbers: a practical guide to blood pressure

High blood pressure (hypertension) is one of the most common long-term health conditions in Ghana, and many people who have it don't know. Because it rarely causes symptoms, the only way to know is to measure it.

What the numbers mean

A reading has two numbers. The top (systolic) is the pressure when your heart beats; the bottom (diastolic) is the pressure between beats.

• Below 120/80 — generally considered healthy
• 120–139 / 80–89 — elevated; a good time to make lifestyle changes
• 140/90 or higher on repeated readings — speak to a healthcare professional

Everyday steps that help

• Reduce salt: cook with herbs, go easy on stock cubes and salty snacks
• Move for at least 30 minutes on most days — brisk walking counts
• Limit alcohol and avoid tobacco
• Keep a healthy weight and get enough sleep

When to get checked

Adults should check their blood pressure at least once a year, and more often if they have diabetes, kidney disease or a family history. If you are already on treatment, keep taking your medication even when you feel well.

This article is for general education and does not replace advice from your healthcare professional.